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Base editing in pigs for precision breeding

Ruigao SONG, Yu WANG, Yanfang WANG, Jianguo ZHAO

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 161-170 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019308

Abstract: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a dominant type of genetic variation among individual pigsPrecision single base substitution provides a strategy for accurate genetic improvement in pig productionediting has recently been developed as the latest gene-editing tool that can directly make changes in single

Keywords： base editing     genetic improvement     pigs     single nucleotide polymorphisms    

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FMO3--TMAO axis modulates the clinical outcome in chronic heart-failure patients with reduced ejection fraction: evidence from an Asian population

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 295-305 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0857-2

Abstract: The association among plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), FMO3 polymorphisms, and chronic heart failure (CHF) remains to be elucidated. TMAO is a microbiota-dependent metabolite from dietary choline and carnitine. A prospective study was performed including 955 consecutively diagnosed CHF patients with reduced ejection fraction, with the longest follow-up of 7 years. The concentrations of plasma TMAO and its precursors, namely, choline and carnitine, were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the FMO3 E158K polymorphisms (rs2266782) were genotyped. The top tertile of plasma TMAO was associated with a significant increment in hazard ratio (HR) for the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart transplantation (HR=1.47, 95% CI=1.13–1.91, P=0.004) compared with the lowest tertile. After adjustments of the potential confounders, higher TMAO could still be used to predict the risk of the primary endpoint (adjusted HR=1.33, 95% CI=1.01–1.74, P=0.039). This result was also obtained after further adjustment for carnitine (adjusted HR=1.33, 95% CI=1.01–1.74, P=0.039). The FMO3 rs2266782 polymorphism was associated with the plasma TMAO concentrations in our cohort, and lower TMAO levels were found in the AA-genotype. Thus, higher plasma TMAO levels indicated increased risk of the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart transplantation independent of potential confounders, and the FMO3 AA-genotype in rs2266782 was related to lower plasma TMAO levels.

Keywords： chronic heart failure     trimethylamine-N-oxide     flavin monooxygenase 3     single nucleotide polymorphism    

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Carcinogens that induce the A:T>T:A nucleotide substitutions in the genome

Guangbiao Zhou, Xinchun Zhao

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 236-238 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0611-y

Abstract: Province of China, and 47% to 1.7% of HCCs from the Chinese mainland and other countries harbored the nucleotide

Keywords： genomic signature     carcinogen     aristolochic acid     tobacco smoke     vinyl chloride     hepatocellular carcinoma    

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Genomic Mutations within the Host Microbiome: Adaptive Evolution or Purifying Selection Review

Jiachao Zhang,Rob Knight,

Engineering 2023, Volume 20, Issue 1,   Pages 96-102 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.018

Abstract:

Next-generation sequencing technology has transformed our ability to assess the taxonomic composition functions of host-associated microbiota and microbiomes. More human microbiome research projects—particularly those that explore genomic mutations within the microbiome—will be launched in the next decade. This review focuses on the coevolution of microbes within a microbiome, which shapes strain-level diversity both within and between host species. We also explore the correlation between microbial genomic mutations and common metabolic diseases, and the adaptive evolution of pathogens and probiotics during invasion and colonization. Finally, we discuss advances in methods and algorithms for annotating and analyzing microbial genomic mutations.

Keywords： Gut microbiota     Genomic mutations     Adaptive evolution     Purifying selection     Single-nucleotide variants    

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The role of natriuretic peptide precursor A gene polymorphism in the development of coronary heart disease in Chinese Han population?

Ripen NSENGA MD, Longxian CHENG PhD, Mei’an HE PhD, Tangchun WU PhD,

Frontiers of Medicine 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 437-442 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0074-x

Abstract: We genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs5065 NPPA in the human NPPA gene in 1861 sex-

Keywords： natriuretic peptide precursor A     coronary heart disease     gene polymorphism     allelic discrimination     polymorphism     singlenucleotide    

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A post-GWAS replication study confirming the association of

Shaohua YANG,Chao QI,Yan XIE,Xiaogang CUI,Yahui GAO,Jianping JIANG,Li JIANG,Shengli ZHANG,Qin ZHANG,Dongxiao SUN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 321-330 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014037

Abstract: Genome-wide association studies with an Illumina Bovine50K chip have detected 105 SNPs associated with one or multiple milk production traits in the Chinese Holstein population. Of these, 38 significant SNPs detected with high confidence by both L1-TDT and MMRA methods were selected to further mine potential key genes affecting milk yield and milk composition. By blasting the flanking sequences of these 38 SNPs with the bovine genome sequence combined with comparative genomics analysis, 26 genes were found to contain or be near to such SNPs. Among them, the gene is merely 87 bp away from the significant SNP, Hapmap30383-BTC-005848. Hence, we report herein genotype-phenotype associations to further validate the genetic effects of the gene. By pooled DNA sequencing of 14 unrelated Holstein sires, a total of 18 with seven novel SNPs were identified. Among them, nine SNPs were in the 5′ regulatory region, one in exon 6 and the other in the 3′ UTR and 3′ regulatory region. A total of nine of these identified SNPs were successfully genotyped and analyzed by mass spectrometry for association with five milk production traits in an independent resource population. The results showed that these SNPs were statistically significant for more than two traits [ <(0.0001-0.0267)]. In addition, mRNA expression analyses revealed that was ubiquitous in eight different tissues, with a relatively higher expression level in the mammary gland than in other tissues. These findings, therefore, provide strong evidence for association of variants with milk yield and milk composition traits and may be applied in Chinese Holstein breeding programs.

Keywords： GWAS     functional annotation     Chinese Holstein     milk production traits     C14H8orf33 gene     single nucleotide    

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Advances in newly developing therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Paul J. Pockros

Frontiers of Medicine 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 166-174 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0334-2

Abstract: In late 2013 the first nucleotide polymerase inhibitor regimen with RBV alone for genotypes 2/3 and in

Keywords： direct-acting antiviral (DAA)     nucleotide polymerase inhibitors     protease inhibitors    

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Cyclooxygenase-2 gene-1195G/A genotype is associated with the risk of HBV-induced HCC: A case-control study in Han Chinese people

Li-Feng LIU MD, PhD, Qiong CHEN MD, PhD, Ying CHANG MD, PhD, Ju-Sheng LIN MD, PhD, Jin-Liang ZHANG MM,

Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 90-95 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0021-x

Abstract: This study aimed to identify functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene

Keywords： cyclooxygenase-2 gene     single nucleotide polymorphisms     susceptibility     primary hepatocellular carcinoma    

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Crystallographic orientation effect on cutting-based single atomic layer removal

Wenkun XIE, Fengzhou FANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 631-644 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0599-x

Abstract: The mechanism of a single atomic layer removal in cutting is the key basic theoretical foundation forIn the present study, the crystallographic orientation effect on the cutting-based single atomic layerWhen undeformed chip thickness is in the atomic scale, two kinds of single atomic layer removal mechanismsexist in cutting-based single atomic layer removal, namely, dislocation motion and extrusion, due to

Keywords： ACSM     single atomic layer removal mechanism     crystallographic orientation effect     mechanical cutting     Manufacturing    

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Design and analysis of partially decoupled translational parallel mechanisms with single-loop structures

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0695-1

Abstract: This study presents a family of novel translational parallel mechanisms (TPMs) with single-loop topological

Keywords： translational parallel mechanism     single loop     multiple driving system     workspace analysis     singularity    

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Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1423-5

Abstract: Single-use plastics are often used once or cannot be reused for extended periods.The waste generated by single-use plastics threatens ecosystem health by entering the environment andThe innovation of sustainable and environmentally friendly single-use plastic alternative materials andenterprises and the public are promising technologies and management approaches that can solve the problem of single-useThe development of single-use plastic alternative products can be promoted fundamentally only by improving

Keywords： Single-use plastic alternatives     Policy     Regulation     Sustainable development    

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Damage propagation and strength prediction of a single-lap interference-fit laminate structure

Peng ZOU, Xiangming CHEN, Hao CHEN, Guanhua XU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 558-570 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0591-5

Abstract: Experimental and finite element research was conducted on the bolted interference fit of a single-lapA typical single-lap statically loading experiment was performed, and a finite element damage prediction

Keywords： single-lap     interference fit     secondary bending moment     damage mechanism     bearing strength    

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Novel casting processes for single-crystal turbine blades of superalloys

Dexin MA

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 1,   Pages 3-16 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0475-0

Abstract:

This paper presents a brief review of the current casting techniques for single-crystal (SC) blades

Keywords： superalloy     investment casting     Bridgman process     directional solidification     single crystal     turbine blade    

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Numerical analysis of bearing behaviors of single batter piles under horizontal loads in various directions

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2,   Pages 224-237 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0914-1

Abstract: The horizontal bearing behavior of a single batter pile (SBP) is vital to its application in practical

Keywords： single batter pile     skew horizontal load     model test     finite-element analysis     empirical design method    

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Promising approach for preparing metallic single-atom catalysts: electrochemical deposition

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4,   Pages 537-541 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0837-5

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Base editing in pigs for precision breeding

Ruigao SONG, Yu WANG, Yanfang WANG, Jianguo ZHAO

Journal Article

FMO3--TMAO axis modulates the clinical outcome in chronic heart-failure patients with reduced ejection fraction: evidence from an Asian population

Journal Article

Carcinogens that induce the A:T>T:A nucleotide substitutions in the genome

Guangbiao Zhou, Xinchun Zhao

Journal Article

Genomic Mutations within the Host Microbiome: Adaptive Evolution or Purifying Selection

Jiachao Zhang,Rob Knight,

Journal Article

The role of natriuretic peptide precursor A gene polymorphism in the development of coronary heart disease in Chinese Han population?

Ripen NSENGA MD, Longxian CHENG PhD, Mei’an HE PhD, Tangchun WU PhD,

Journal Article

A post-GWAS replication study confirming the association of

Shaohua YANG,Chao QI,Yan XIE,Xiaogang CUI,Yahui GAO,Jianping JIANG,Li JIANG,Shengli ZHANG,Qin ZHANG,Dongxiao SUN

Journal Article

Advances in newly developing therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Paul J. Pockros

Journal Article

Cyclooxygenase-2 gene-1195G/A genotype is associated with the risk of HBV-induced HCC: A case-control study in Han Chinese people

Li-Feng LIU MD, PhD, Qiong CHEN MD, PhD, Ying CHANG MD, PhD, Ju-Sheng LIN MD, PhD, Jin-Liang ZHANG MM,

Journal Article

Crystallographic orientation effect on cutting-based single atomic layer removal

Wenkun XIE, Fengzhou FANG

Journal Article

Design and analysis of partially decoupled translational parallel mechanisms with single-loop structures

Journal Article

Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives

Journal Article

Damage propagation and strength prediction of a single-lap interference-fit laminate structure

Peng ZOU, Xiangming CHEN, Hao CHEN, Guanhua XU

Journal Article

Novel casting processes for single-crystal turbine blades of superalloys

Dexin MA

Journal Article

Numerical analysis of bearing behaviors of single batter piles under horizontal loads in various directions

Journal Article

Promising approach for preparing metallic single-atom catalysts: electrochemical deposition

Journal Article